Organoid-on-a-chip, created through the combination of organoid technology and organ-on-a-chip technology, has integrated the advantages of both technologies, and become a more predictive preclinical experimental model that is widely used in the development of traditional or new drugs. Organoid-on-a-chip can also create disease-specific models by culturing organoids from patient-derived tissue samples, enabling precision medicine. At the same time, organoid-on-a-chip promotes the development of regenerative medicine by screening organoids with optimized conditions in vitro through high-throughput analysis. Compared with other drug sensitivity testing methods, organoid-on-a-chip is faster and more clinically relevant, and has higher throughput. It also significantly improves the success rate of organoid culture, as well as organoid stability and reproducibility.